Semantic reasoner
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A semantic reasoner, reasoning engine, rules engine, or simply a reasoner, is a piece of software able to infer logical consequences from a set of asserted facts or axioms. The notion of a semantic reasoner generalizes that of an inference engine, by providing a richer set of mechanisms to work with. The inference rules are commonly specified by means of an ontology language, and often a description language. Many reasoners use first-order predicate logic to perform reasoning; inference commonly proceeds by forward chaining and backward chaining. There are also examples of probabilistic reasoners, including Pei Wang's non-axiomatic reasoning system, Novamente's probabilistic logic network, which tip their hat to reasoning Bayesian networks, and Pronto[1] - probabilistic Description logic reasoner.
Contents |
[edit] Semantic reasoners
Existing semantic reasoners:
- Bossam, an RETE-based rule engine with native supports for reasoning over OWL ontologies, SWRL ontologies, and RuleML rules.
- Hoolet, reasons over OWL-DL ontologies by translating them to full first-order logic and then applying a first-order theorem prover. [2]
- Pellet, an open-source Java OWL DL reasoner. [3]
- SHER, a scalable Pellet-backed OWL DL reasoner. [4]
- KAON2 is an infrastructure for managing OWL-DL, SWRL, and F-Logic ontologies.
- RACER system, a semantic web reasoning system and information repository
- Jena (framework), an open source semantic web framework for Java which includes a number of different semantic reasoning modules.
- FaCT, a description logic (DL) classifier. [5]
- FaCT++, the new generation of FaCT OWL-DL reasoner. [6]
- SweetRules, an integrated set of tools for Semantic web rules and ontologies. [7]
- OWLIM, a high-performance semantic repository developed in Java and available in two versions: free SwiftOWLIM and commercial BigOWLIM [8]. Supports a subset of OWL-Lite semantics, which can be configured through rule-set definition and selection. [9].
[edit] Reasoner comparison
| Bossam | Hoolet | Pellet | KAON2 | RacerPro | Jena | FaCT | FaCT++ | SweetRules | OWLIM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OWL-DL Entailment | ? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No complete reasoner included with standard distribution | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Supported expressivity for reasoning | ? | ? | SROIQ(D) | SHIQ(D) | ? | varies by reasoner (incomplete for nontrivial description logics) | SHIQ | SROIQ(D) | ? | R-entailment |
| Reasoning algorithm | Rule-based | First-order prover | Tableau | Resolution & Datalog | Tableau | Rule-based | Tableau | Tableau | Rule-based | Rule-based |
| Consistency checking | ? | Yes | Yes | ? | Yes | Incomplete for OWL DL | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| DIG Support | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Rule Support | Yes (SWRL & own rule format) | Yes (SWRL) | Yes (SWRL -- DL Safe Rules) | Yes (SWRL) | Yes (SWRL) | Yes (Own rule format) | No | No | Yes (SWRL, RuleML, Jess) | Yes (Own format) |
| Version | 0.9b45 | ? | 2.0 RC3 | ? | 1.9.2 | 2.5.4 | ? | 1.1.8 | 2.1 | 2.x/3.x |
| Licencing | Free/ closed-source | Free/ open-source | Free/ open-source & Non-Free/ closed-source | Free/ closed-source | Non-Free/ closed-source | Free/ open-source | Free/ open-source | Free/ open-source | Free/ open-source | Free/ open-source & Non-Free/ closed-source |
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- SPARQL Query Language for RDF
- DIG description logic reasoner interface
- Introduction to Description Logics DL course by Enrico Franconi, Faculty of Computer Science, Free University of Bolzano, Italy
